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fixed grammar
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MarkFonts authored Nov 2, 2021
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Expand Up @@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ The basis of Cal Sans is my initial answer to what my Futura would be. It fit we


## Design Philosophy and Unique Characteristics
As this design was created for display, and is currently a single static font, an unusual approach for its texture and default typography. Letters are intentionally spaced to be extremely close for tight headlines “out of the box.” For smaller subheadings, positive letter spacing must be applied. There are currently no other Open Source geometric sanserifs geared as intentionally for “tight but not touching” typesetting—as it is more labor intensive to produce with such accurate texture. But for typesetters, if they would letterspace another design as tight, the results would not be as consistent.
As this design was created for display, and is currently a single static font, an unusual approach is taken for its texture and default typography. Letters are intentionally spaced to be extremely close for tight headlines “out of the box.” For smaller subheadings, positive letter spacing must be applied. There are currently no other Open Source geometric sanserifs geared as intentionally for “tight but not touching” typesetting—as it is more labor intensive to produce with accurate texture. But for typesetters, if they would letterspace another design as tight as Cal Sans, the results would not be as consistent.

![Open Source Fonts’ Default Spacing](/documentation/images/Default-Spacing.gif)

So, for end users, more flexibility is available when the tightest typesetting extreme edge case gracefully addressed, and one may create looser typesetting as needed.
So, for end users, more flexibility is available when the tightest typesetting extreme edge case is gracefully addressed. One may create looser typesetting as needed.


## OpenType Features
Expand All @@ -23,15 +23,15 @@ While the default design is fairly ahistorical, there are historical design opti

I give credit to [Rasmus Andersson](https://twitter.com/rsms) implementing in his design [Inter](https://github.com/rsms/inter) Character Variants to offer more control in website typography. Cal Sans also employs this feature. There are six Character Variants in Cal Sans, for **Cc (cv01)**, **j (cv02)**, **t (cv03)**, **u (cv04)**, **0 (cv05**, and **1 (cv06)**.

In celebration of Futura’s geometrically extreme ligatures, Cal Sans has experimental approach to ligatures, Stylistic Set 02 (ss02) is identical to ss01, but also combines eligible letters as historical Futura ligatures. This is included as a stylistic set and not as discretionary ligatures because the default set of characters really do not match these historical ligatures. (But they were included anyway!)
In celebration of Futura’s geometrically extreme ligatures, Cal Sans has an experimental approach to ligatures, Stylistic Set 02 (ss02) is identical to ss01, but also combines eligible letters as historical Futura ligatures. This is included as a stylistic set and not as discretionary ligatures because default characters really do not match these historical ligatures. (But they were included anyway!)

![A sample of ss02](/documentation/images/blog-specimen_ss02.jpg)

Probably the most novel OpenType feature of Cal Sans is its third Stylistic Set (ss03). The best way to show its…need is to show how the “tight but not touching” affects spacing when diagonals appear together. Some designers would _never_ want their letters to overlap or touch in a headline, or very large title.
Probably the most novel OpenType feature of Cal Sans is its third Stylistic Set (ss03). The best way to exhibit the need of ss03 is to see how “tight but not touching” affects spacing with consecutive diagonals. Some designers would _never_ want their letters to overlap or touch in a headline, or very large title.

![Open Source Fonts’ Default Spacing](/documentation/images/ss03_kerning.gif)

The very steep diagonals and always providing space between these common letter shapes, to other designs, cause more problems in spacing than the “stock kerning solves. Such letter combinations aren’t…incredibly common, but they are not rare, nor is spacing letters in a way that is sometimes consistent a goal of mine. But, I see merits in both paths. **So, ss03 overrides diagonal-to-diagonal kerning pairs with new ones that let these shapes “crash.”**
Diagonals’ corners are kerned from eachother, and some might say this causes more problems than the “stock kerning solves. Such letter combinations aren’t…incredibly common. But they are not rare, nor is spacing letters in a way that is sometimes consistent a goal of mine. But, I see merits in both paths. **So, ss03 overrides diagonal-to-diagonal kerning pairs with new ones that let diagonal corners “crash.”**


I don’t know of any other typefaces that has many kerning options, hopefully this feature is of use! Thanks to Tal Leming’s [OpenType Cook Book](https://opentypecookbook.com/rules/) for technical details.
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