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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) 1990-2010, Python Software Foundation
# This file is distributed under the same license as the Python package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-05 09:33\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <[email protected]>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"X-Generator: Translate Toolkit 1.7.0\n"
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:5
msgid "Compound statements"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:9
msgid ""
"Compound statements contain (groups of) other statements; they affect or "
"control the execution of those other statements in some way. In general, "
"compound statements span multiple lines, although in simple incarnations a "
"whole compound statement may be contained in one line."
msgstr ""
# 9da08903f5224e81ab634a8c28aa987a
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:14
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`if`, :keyword:`while` and :keyword:`for` statements implement "
"traditional control flow constructs. :keyword:`try` specifies exception "
"handlers and/or cleanup code for a group of statements. Function and class "
"definitions are also syntactically compound statements."
msgstr ""
# b6a3c204a5d047789e5903af799e6c8c
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:23
msgid ""
"Compound statements consist of one or more 'clauses.' A clause consists of "
"a header and a 'suite.' The clause headers of a particular compound "
"statement are all at the same indentation level. Each clause header begins "
"with a uniquely identifying keyword and ends with a colon. A suite is a "
"group of statements controlled by a clause. A suite can be one or more "
"semicolon-separated simple statements on the same line as the header, "
"following the header's colon, or it can be one or more indented statements "
"on subsequent lines. Only the latter form of suite can contain nested "
"compound statements; the following is illegal, mostly because it wouldn't be "
"clear to which :keyword:`if` clause a following :keyword:`else` clause would "
"belong: ::"
msgstr ""
# ccfb9ce0436742f58aaa3cd78232f2cc
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:36
msgid ""
"Also note that the semicolon binds tighter than the colon in this context, "
"so that in the following example, either all or none of the :keyword:`print` "
"statements are executed::"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:42
msgid "Summarizing:"
msgstr ""
# de22862241cf46a9849e8b887d4744ee
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:62
msgid ""
"Note that statements always end in a ``NEWLINE`` possibly followed by a "
"``DEDENT``. Also note that optional continuation clauses always begin with a "
"keyword that cannot start a statement, thus there are no ambiguities (the "
"'dangling :keyword:`else`' problem is solved in Python by requiring nested :"
"keyword:`if` statements to be indented)."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:68
msgid ""
"The formatting of the grammar rules in the following sections places each "
"clause on a separate line for clarity."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:77
msgid "The :keyword:`if` statement"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:84
msgid "The :keyword:`if` statement is used for conditional execution:"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:91
msgid ""
"It selects exactly one of the suites by evaluating the expressions one by "
"one until one is found to be true (see section :ref:`booleans` for the "
"definition of true and false); then that suite is executed (and no other "
"part of the :keyword:`if` statement is executed or evaluated). If all "
"expressions are false, the suite of the :keyword:`else` clause, if present, "
"is executed."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:101
msgid "The :keyword:`while` statement"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:108
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`while` statement is used for repeated execution as long as an "
"expression is true:"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:115
msgid ""
"This repeatedly tests the expression and, if it is true, executes the first "
"suite; if the expression is false (which may be the first time it is tested) "
"the suite of the :keyword:`else` clause, if present, is executed and the "
"loop terminates."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:124
msgid ""
"A :keyword:`break` statement executed in the first suite terminates the loop "
"without executing the :keyword:`else` clause's suite. A :keyword:`continue` "
"statement executed in the first suite skips the rest of the suite and goes "
"back to testing the expression."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:133
msgid "The :keyword:`for` statement"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:143
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`for` statement is used to iterate over the elements of a "
"sequence (such as a string, tuple or list) or other iterable object:"
msgstr ""
# 0a43449496f5463499b48e5b2a701d20
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:150
msgid ""
"The expression list is evaluated once; it should yield an iterable object. "
"An iterator is created for the result of the ``expression_list``. The suite "
"is then executed once for each item provided by the iterator, in the order "
"of ascending indices. Each item in turn is assigned to the target list "
"using the standard rules for assignments, and then the suite is executed. "
"When the items are exhausted (which is immediately when the sequence is "
"empty), the suite in the :keyword:`else` clause, if present, is executed, "
"and the loop terminates."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:162
msgid ""
"A :keyword:`break` statement executed in the first suite terminates the loop "
"without executing the :keyword:`else` clause's suite. A :keyword:`continue` "
"statement executed in the first suite skips the rest of the suite and "
"continues with the next item, or with the :keyword:`else` clause if there "
"was no next item."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:168
msgid ""
"The suite may assign to the variable(s) in the target list; this does not "
"affect the next item assigned to it."
msgstr ""
# 11e98be08741467b95cfedc1fdba05bd
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:175
msgid ""
"The target list is not deleted when the loop is finished, but if the "
"sequence is empty, it will not have been assigned to at all by the loop. "
"Hint: the built-in function :func:`range` returns a sequence of integers "
"suitable to emulate the effect of Pascal's ``for i := a to b do``; e.g., "
"``range(3)`` returns the list ``[0, 1, 2]``."
msgstr ""
# f2ad47f51bc043dab1852110237fdbd0
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:187
msgid ""
"There is a subtlety when the sequence is being modified by the loop (this "
"can only occur for mutable sequences, i.e. lists). An internal counter is "
"used to keep track of which item is used next, and this is incremented on "
"each iteration. When this counter has reached the length of the sequence "
"the loop terminates. This means that if the suite deletes the current (or a "
"previous) item from the sequence, the next item will be skipped (since it "
"gets the index of the current item which has already been treated). "
"Likewise, if the suite inserts an item in the sequence before the current "
"item, the current item will be treated again the next time through the loop. "
"This can lead to nasty bugs that can be avoided by making a temporary copy "
"using a slice of the whole sequence, e.g., ::"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:208
msgid "The :keyword:`try` statement"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:215
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`try` statement specifies exception handlers and/or cleanup "
"code for a group of statements:"
msgstr ""
# 96e5a893bf444eceb5b797c2e3e33323
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:232
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`except` clause(s) specify one or more exception handlers. When "
"no exception occurs in the :keyword:`try` clause, no exception handler is "
"executed. When an exception occurs in the :keyword:`try` suite, a search for "
"an exception handler is started. This search inspects the except clauses in "
"turn until one is found that matches the exception. An expression-less "
"except clause, if present, must be last; it matches any exception. For an "
"except clause with an expression, that expression is evaluated, and the "
"clause matches the exception if the resulting object is \"compatible\" with "
"the exception. An object is compatible with an exception if it is the class "
"or a base class of the exception object, or a tuple containing an item "
"compatible with the exception."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:243
msgid ""
"If no except clause matches the exception, the search for an exception "
"handler continues in the surrounding code and on the invocation stack. [#]_"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:246
msgid ""
"If the evaluation of an expression in the header of an except clause raises "
"an exception, the original search for a handler is canceled and a search "
"starts for the new exception in the surrounding code and on the call stack "
"(it is treated as if the entire :keyword:`try` statement raised the "
"exception)."
msgstr ""
# 39717c7d42164afea18857c4f5eb5491
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:251
msgid ""
"When a matching except clause is found, the exception is assigned to the "
"target specified in that except clause, if present, and the except clause's "
"suite is executed. All except clauses must have an executable block. When "
"the end of this block is reached, execution continues normally after the "
"entire try statement. (This means that if two nested handlers exist for the "
"same exception, and the exception occurs in the try clause of the inner "
"handler, the outer handler will not handle the exception.)"
msgstr ""
# 93fd804eac774204aeed3602b22b3e5a
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:266
msgid ""
"Before an except clause's suite is executed, details about the exception are "
"assigned to three variables in the :mod:`sys` module: ``sys.exc_type`` "
"receives the object identifying the exception; ``sys.exc_value`` receives "
"the exception's parameter; ``sys.exc_traceback`` receives a traceback object "
"(see section :ref:`types`) identifying the point in the program where the "
"exception occurred. These details are also available through the :func:`sys."
"exc_info` function, which returns a tuple ``(exc_type, exc_value, "
"exc_traceback)``. Use of the corresponding variables is deprecated in favor "
"of this function, since their use is unsafe in a threaded program. As of "
"Python 1.5, the variables are restored to their previous values (before the "
"call) when returning from a function that handled an exception."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:284
msgid ""
"The optional :keyword:`else` clause is executed if and when control flows "
"off the end of the :keyword:`try` clause. [#]_ Exceptions in the :keyword:"
"`else` clause are not handled by the preceding :keyword:`except` clauses."
msgstr ""
# 4b2bc64af26647a2b59cd300a57e8c8c
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:290
msgid ""
"If :keyword:`finally` is present, it specifies a 'cleanup' handler. The :"
"keyword:`try` clause is executed, including any :keyword:`except` and :"
"keyword:`else` clauses. If an exception occurs in any of the clauses and is "
"not handled, the exception is temporarily saved. The :keyword:`finally` "
"clause is executed. If there is a saved exception, it is re-raised at the "
"end of the :keyword:`finally` clause. If the :keyword:`finally` clause "
"raises another exception or executes a :keyword:`return` or :keyword:`break` "
"statement, the saved exception is dicarded::"
msgstr ""
# a456408e32484ed7a9360d2a980341cd
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:308
msgid ""
"The exception information is not available to the program during execution "
"of the :keyword:`finally` clause."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:316
msgid ""
"When a :keyword:`return`, :keyword:`break` or :keyword:`continue` statement "
"is executed in the :keyword:`try` suite of a :keyword:`try`...\\ :keyword:"
"`finally` statement, the :keyword:`finally` clause is also executed 'on the "
"way out.' A :keyword:`continue` statement is illegal in the :keyword:"
"`finally` clause. (The reason is a problem with the current implementation "
"--- this restriction may be lifted in the future)."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:323
msgid ""
"Additional information on exceptions can be found in section :ref:"
"`exceptions`, and information on using the :keyword:`raise` statement to "
"generate exceptions may be found in section :ref:`raise`."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:332
msgid "The :keyword:`with` statement"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:338
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`with` statement is used to wrap the execution of a block with "
"methods defined by a context manager (see section :ref:`context-managers`). "
"This allows common :keyword:`try`...\\ :keyword:`except`...\\ :keyword:"
"`finally` usage patterns to be encapsulated for convenient reuse."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:347
msgid ""
"The execution of the :keyword:`with` statement with one \"item\" proceeds as "
"follows:"
msgstr ""
# b7c6cf84fdc14044bceff98a4a84aa5a
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:349
msgid ""
"The context expression (the expression given in the :token:`with_item`) is "
"evaluated to obtain a context manager."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:352
msgid "The context manager's :meth:`__exit__` is loaded for later use."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:354
msgid "The context manager's :meth:`__enter__` method is invoked."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:356
msgid ""
"If a target was included in the :keyword:`with` statement, the return value "
"from :meth:`__enter__` is assigned to it."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:361
msgid ""
"The :keyword:`with` statement guarantees that if the :meth:`__enter__` "
"method returns without an error, then :meth:`__exit__` will always be "
"called. Thus, if an error occurs during the assignment to the target list, "
"it will be treated the same as an error occurring within the suite would be. "
"See step 6 below."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:366
msgid "The suite is executed."
msgstr ""
# b1d4ac3b6ce541bea10a70695d38dbde
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:368
msgid ""
"The context manager's :meth:`__exit__` method is invoked. If an exception "
"caused the suite to be exited, its type, value, and traceback are passed as "
"arguments to :meth:`__exit__`. Otherwise, three :const:`None` arguments are "
"supplied."
msgstr ""
# b626cb96237f4028a6f858ca7e0186bb
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:373
msgid ""
"If the suite was exited due to an exception, and the return value from the :"
"meth:`__exit__` method was false, the exception is reraised. If the return "
"value was true, the exception is suppressed, and execution continues with "
"the statement following the :keyword:`with` statement."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:378
msgid ""
"If the suite was exited for any reason other than an exception, the return "
"value from :meth:`__exit__` is ignored, and execution proceeds at the normal "
"location for the kind of exit that was taken."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:382
msgid ""
"With more than one item, the context managers are processed as if multiple :"
"keyword:`with` statements were nested::"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:388
msgid "is equivalent to ::"
msgstr ""
# 4567b1c1487546188aa1a6c80695e40a
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:396
msgid ""
"In Python 2.5, the :keyword:`with` statement is only allowed when the "
"``with_statement`` feature has been enabled. It is always enabled in Python "
"2.6."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:406
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:2384
msgid ""
"The specification, background, and examples for the Python :keyword:`with` "
"statement."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:414
msgid "Function definitions"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:424
msgid ""
"A function definition defines a user-defined function object (see section :"
"ref:`types`):"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:442
msgid ""
"A function definition is an executable statement. Its execution binds the "
"function name in the current local namespace to a function object (a wrapper "
"around the executable code for the function). This function object contains "
"a reference to the current global namespace as the global namespace to be "
"used when the function is called."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:448
msgid ""
"The function definition does not execute the function body; this gets "
"executed only when the function is called. [#]_"
msgstr ""
# 1f43dfddd48243458f87cb3817199d6f
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:454
msgid ""
"A function definition may be wrapped by one or more :term:`decorator` "
"expressions. Decorator expressions are evaluated when the function is "
"defined, in the scope that contains the function definition. The result "
"must be a callable, which is invoked with the function object as the only "
"argument. The returned value is bound to the function name instead of the "
"function object. Multiple decorators are applied in nested fashion. For "
"example, the following code::"
msgstr ""
# e71ea122ac6d4dff8b2ce186ddaed6c2
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:465
msgid "is equivalent to::"
msgstr ""
# b3a9ccaa489e4af4bbb883711aff72db
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:472
msgid ""
"When one or more top-level parameters have the form *parameter* ``=`` "
"*expression*, the function is said to have \"default parameter values.\" "
"For a parameter with a default value, the corresponding argument may be "
"omitted from a call, in which case the parameter's default value is "
"substituted. If a parameter has a default value, all following parameters "
"must also have a default value --- this is a syntactic restriction that is "
"not expressed by the grammar."
msgstr ""
# d8b8c95478ea4a48a13221859fdb3cb8
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:479
msgid ""
"**Default parameter values are evaluated when the function definition is "
"executed.** This means that the expression is evaluated once, when the "
"function is defined, and that the same \"pre-computed\" value is used for "
"each call. This is especially important to understand when a default "
"parameter is a mutable object, such as a list or a dictionary: if the "
"function modifies the object (e.g. by appending an item to a list), the "
"default value is in effect modified. This is generally not what was "
"intended. A way around this is to use ``None`` as the default, and "
"explicitly test for it in the body of the function, e.g.::"
msgstr ""
# 66be6e0f405a4c6ca1c7f8e36fb0841e
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:498
msgid ""
"Function call semantics are described in more detail in section :ref:"
"`calls`. A function call always assigns values to all parameters mentioned "
"in the parameter list, either from position arguments, from keyword "
"arguments, or from default values. If the form \"``*identifier``\" is "
"present, it is initialized to a tuple receiving any excess positional "
"parameters, defaulting to the empty tuple. If the form \"``**identifier``\" "
"is present, it is initialized to a new dictionary receiving any excess "
"keyword arguments, defaulting to a new empty dictionary."
msgstr ""
# 29161efb87ee47c6888bd3d8c0c72e4c
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:508
msgid ""
"It is also possible to create anonymous functions (functions not bound to a "
"name), for immediate use in expressions. This uses lambda forms, described "
"in section :ref:`lambda`. Note that the lambda form is merely a shorthand "
"for a simplified function definition; a function defined in a \":keyword:"
"`def`\" statement can be passed around or assigned to another name just like "
"a function defined by a lambda form. The \":keyword:`def`\" form is "
"actually more powerful since it allows the execution of multiple statements."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:516
msgid ""
"**Programmer's note:** Functions are first-class objects. A \"``def``\" "
"form executed inside a function definition defines a local function that can "
"be returned or passed around. Free variables used in the nested function "
"can access the local variables of the function containing the def. See "
"section :ref:`naming` for details."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:526
msgid "Class definitions"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:538
msgid "A class definition defines a class object (see section :ref:`types`):"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:545
msgid ""
"A class definition is an executable statement. It first evaluates the "
"inheritance list, if present. Each item in the inheritance list should "
"evaluate to a class object or class type which allows subclassing. The "
"class's suite is then executed in a new execution frame (see section :ref:"
"`naming`), using a newly created local namespace and the original global "
"namespace. (Usually, the suite contains only function definitions.) When "
"the class's suite finishes execution, its execution frame is discarded but "
"its local namespace is saved. [#]_ A class object is then created using the "
"inheritance list for the base classes and the saved local namespace for the "
"attribute dictionary. The class name is bound to this class object in the "
"original local namespace."
msgstr ""
# b91d18ce49bf407d9a57a1b3a43ee422
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:556
msgid ""
"**Programmer's note:** Variables defined in the class definition are class "
"variables; they are shared by all instances. To create instance variables, "
"they can be set in a method with ``self.name = value``. Both class and "
"instance variables are accessible through the notation \"``self.name``\", "
"and an instance variable hides a class variable with the same name when "
"accessed in this way. Class variables can be used as defaults for instance "
"variables, but using mutable values there can lead to unexpected results. "
"For :term:`new-style class`\\es, descriptors can be used to create instance "
"variables with different implementation details."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:566
msgid ""
"Class definitions, like function definitions, may be wrapped by one or more :"
"term:`decorator` expressions. The evaluation rules for the decorator "
"expressions are the same as for functions. The result must be a class "
"object, which is then bound to the class name."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:572
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:2492
#: ../src/Doc/reference/executionmodel.rst:244
#: ../src/Doc/reference/expressions.rst:1399
#: ../src/Doc/reference/lexical_analysis.rst:762
#: ../src/Doc/reference/simple_stmts.rst:1025
msgid "Footnotes"
msgstr ""
# a93e0edf24f94b76b62618582bf50dc5
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:573
msgid ""
"The exception is propagated to the invocation stack unless there is a :"
"keyword:`finally` clause which happens to raise another exception. That new "
"exception causes the old one to be lost."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:577
msgid ""
"Currently, control \"flows off the end\" except in the case of an exception "
"or the execution of a :keyword:`return`, :keyword:`continue`, or :keyword:"
"`break` statement."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:581
msgid ""
"A string literal appearing as the first statement in the function body is "
"transformed into the function's ``__doc__`` attribute and therefore the "
"function's :term:`docstring`."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/compound_stmts.rst:585
msgid ""
"A string literal appearing as the first statement in the class body is "
"transformed into the namespace's ``__doc__`` item and therefore the class's :"
"term:`docstring`."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:6
msgid "Data model"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:12
msgid "Objects, values and types"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:18
msgid ""
":dfn:`Objects` are Python's abstraction for data. All data in a Python "
"program is represented by objects or by relations between objects. (In a "
"sense, and in conformance to Von Neumann's model of a \"stored program "
"computer,\" code is also represented by objects.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:32
msgid ""
"Every object has an identity, a type and a value. An object's *identity* "
"never changes once it has been created; you may think of it as the object's "
"address in memory. The ':keyword:`is`' operator compares the identity of "
"two objects; the :func:`id` function returns an integer representing its "
"identity (currently implemented as its address). An object's :dfn:`type` is "
"also unchangeable. [#]_ An object's type determines the operations that the "
"object supports (e.g., \"does it have a length?\") and also defines the "
"possible values for objects of that type. The :func:`type` function returns "
"an object's type (which is an object itself). The *value* of some objects "
"can change. Objects whose value can change are said to be *mutable*; "
"objects whose value is unchangeable once they are created are called "
"*immutable*. (The value of an immutable container object that contains a "
"reference to a mutable object can change when the latter's value is changed; "
"however the container is still considered immutable, because the collection "
"of objects it contains cannot be changed. So, immutability is not strictly "
"the same as having an unchangeable value, it is more subtle.) An object's "
"mutability is determined by its type; for instance, numbers, strings and "
"tuples are immutable, while dictionaries and lists are mutable."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:55
msgid ""
"Objects are never explicitly destroyed; however, when they become "
"unreachable they may be garbage-collected. An implementation is allowed to "
"postpone garbage collection or omit it altogether --- it is a matter of "
"implementation quality how garbage collection is implemented, as long as no "
"objects are collected that are still reachable."
msgstr ""
# 3ae2fcb9b4d645e8a3f93f03316143d7
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:63
msgid ""
"CPython currently uses a reference-counting scheme with (optional) delayed "
"detection of cyclically linked garbage, which collects most objects as soon "
"as they become unreachable, but is not guaranteed to collect garbage "
"containing circular references. See the documentation of the :mod:`gc` "
"module for information on controlling the collection of cyclic garbage. "
"Other implementations act differently and CPython may change. Do not depend "
"on immediate finalization of objects when they become unreachable (ex: "
"always close files)."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:72
msgid ""
"Note that the use of the implementation's tracing or debugging facilities "
"may keep objects alive that would normally be collectable. Also note that "
"catching an exception with a ':keyword:`try`...\\ :keyword:`except`' "
"statement may keep objects alive."
msgstr ""
# 6ba539d835d6465e843badcf37d1fdc7
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:77
msgid ""
"Some objects contain references to \"external\" resources such as open files "
"or windows. It is understood that these resources are freed when the object "
"is garbage-collected, but since garbage collection is not guaranteed to "
"happen, such objects also provide an explicit way to release the external "
"resource, usually a :meth:`close` method. Programs are strongly recommended "
"to explicitly close such objects. The ':keyword:`try`...\\ :keyword:"
"`finally`' statement provides a convenient way to do this."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:87
msgid ""
"Some objects contain references to other objects; these are called "
"*containers*. Examples of containers are tuples, lists and dictionaries. "
"The references are part of a container's value. In most cases, when we talk "
"about the value of a container, we imply the values, not the identities of "
"the contained objects; however, when we talk about the mutability of a "
"container, only the identities of the immediately contained objects are "
"implied. So, if an immutable container (like a tuple) contains a reference "
"to a mutable object, its value changes if that mutable object is changed."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:96
msgid ""
"Types affect almost all aspects of object behavior. Even the importance of "
"object identity is affected in some sense: for immutable types, operations "
"that compute new values may actually return a reference to any existing "
"object with the same type and value, while for mutable objects this is not "
"allowed. E.g., after ``a = 1; b = 1``, ``a`` and ``b`` may or may not refer "
"to the same object with the value one, depending on the implementation, but "
"after ``c = []; d = []``, ``c`` and ``d`` are guaranteed to refer to two "
"different, unique, newly created empty lists. (Note that ``c = d = []`` "
"assigns the same object to both ``c`` and ``d``.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:110
msgid "The standard type hierarchy"
msgstr ""
# f96ab51c71e84f28bc0433cad66df7ff
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:119
msgid ""
"Below is a list of the types that are built into Python. Extension modules "
"(written in C, Java, or other languages, depending on the implementation) "
"can define additional types. Future versions of Python may add types to the "
"type hierarchy (e.g., rational numbers, efficiently stored arrays of "
"integers, etc.)."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:129
msgid ""
"Some of the type descriptions below contain a paragraph listing 'special "
"attributes.' These are attributes that provide access to the implementation "
"and are not intended for general use. Their definition may change in the "
"future."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:136
msgid ""
"This type has a single value. There is a single object with this value. "
"This object is accessed through the built-in name ``None``. It is used to "
"signify the absence of a value in many situations, e.g., it is returned from "
"functions that don't explicitly return anything. Its truth value is false."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:144
msgid ""
"This type has a single value. There is a single object with this value. "
"This object is accessed through the built-in name ``NotImplemented``. "
"Numeric methods and rich comparison methods may return this value if they do "
"not implement the operation for the operands provided. (The interpreter "
"will then try the reflected operation, or some other fallback, depending on "
"the operator.) Its truth value is true."
msgstr ""
# d58c8f2d968441da9a21a0f495a6e149
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:154
msgid ""
"This type has a single value. There is a single object with this value. "
"This object is accessed through the built-in name ``Ellipsis``. It is used "
"to indicate the presence of the ``...`` syntax in a slice. Its truth value "
"is true."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:162
msgid ""
"These are created by numeric literals and returned as results by arithmetic "
"operators and arithmetic built-in functions. Numeric objects are immutable; "
"once created their value never changes. Python numbers are of course "
"strongly related to mathematical numbers, but subject to the limitations of "
"numerical representation in computers."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:168
msgid ""
"Python distinguishes between integers, floating point numbers, and complex "
"numbers:"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:174
msgid ""
"These represent elements from the mathematical set of integers (positive and "
"negative)."
msgstr ""
# 86240d1f7da14296bf3ab9cac3c0e24a
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:177
msgid "There are three types of integers:"
msgstr ""
# 343ff6044dce47a8a0d2de4f77788bf8
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:184
msgid ""
"These represent numbers in the range -2147483648 through 2147483647. (The "
"range may be larger on machines with a larger natural word size, but not "
"smaller.) When the result of an operation would fall outside this range, "
"the result is normally returned as a long integer (in some cases, the "
"exception :exc:`OverflowError` is raised instead). For the purpose of shift "
"and mask operations, integers are assumed to have a binary, 2's complement "
"notation using 32 or more bits, and hiding no bits from the user (i.e., all "
"4294967296 different bit patterns correspond to different values)."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:197
msgid ""
"These represent numbers in an unlimited range, subject to available "
"(virtual) memory only. For the purpose of shift and mask operations, a "
"binary representation is assumed, and negative numbers are represented in a "
"variant of 2's complement which gives the illusion of an infinite string of "
"sign bits extending to the left."
msgstr ""
# 6825dfac6e554a98a74bc8a0f23ad8e8
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:209
msgid ""
"These represent the truth values False and True. The two objects "
"representing the values False and True are the only Boolean objects. The "
"Boolean type is a subtype of plain integers, and Boolean values behave like "
"the values 0 and 1, respectively, in almost all contexts, the exception "
"being that when converted to a string, the strings ``\"False\"`` or ``\"True"
"\"`` are returned, respectively."
msgstr ""
# d155cd1a106241a9a13ef6e05c99d05b
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:218
msgid ""
"The rules for integer representation are intended to give the most "
"meaningful interpretation of shift and mask operations involving negative "
"integers and the least surprises when switching between the plain and long "
"integer domains. Any operation, if it yields a result in the plain integer "
"domain, will yield the same result in the long integer domain or when using "
"mixed operands. The switch between domains is transparent to the programmer."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:233
msgid ""
"These represent machine-level double precision floating point numbers. You "
"are at the mercy of the underlying machine architecture (and C or Java "
"implementation) for the accepted range and handling of overflow. Python does "
"not support single-precision floating point numbers; the savings in "
"processor and memory usage that are usually the reason for using these is "
"dwarfed by the overhead of using objects in Python, so there is no reason to "
"complicate the language with two kinds of floating point numbers."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:246
msgid ""
"These represent complex numbers as a pair of machine-level double precision "
"floating point numbers. The same caveats apply as for floating point "
"numbers. The real and imaginary parts of a complex number ``z`` can be "
"retrieved through the read-only attributes ``z.real`` and ``z.imag``."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:259
msgid ""
"These represent finite ordered sets indexed by non-negative numbers. The "
"built-in function :func:`len` returns the number of items of a sequence. "
"When the length of a sequence is *n*, the index set contains the numbers 0, "
"1, ..., *n*-1. Item *i* of sequence *a* is selected by ``a[i]``."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:266
msgid ""
"Sequences also support slicing: ``a[i:j]`` selects all items with index *k* "
"such that *i* ``<=`` *k* ``<`` *j*. When used as an expression, a slice is "
"a sequence of the same type. This implies that the index set is renumbered "
"so that it starts at 0."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:273
msgid ""
"Some sequences also support \"extended slicing\" with a third \"step\" "
"parameter: ``a[i:j:k]`` selects all items of *a* with index *x* where ``x = "
"i + n*k``, *n* ``>=`` ``0`` and *i* ``<=`` *x* ``<`` *j*."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:277
msgid "Sequences are distinguished according to their mutability:"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:284
msgid ""
"An object of an immutable sequence type cannot change once it is created. "
"(If the object contains references to other objects, these other objects may "
"be mutable and may be changed; however, the collection of objects directly "
"referenced by an immutable object cannot change.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:289
msgid "The following types are immutable sequences:"
msgstr ""
# fe98dae21e724498a7ef39fe727bcca2
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:300
msgid ""
"The items of a string are characters. There is no separate character type; "
"a character is represented by a string of one item. Characters represent (at "
"least) 8-bit bytes. The built-in functions :func:`chr` and :func:`ord` "
"convert between characters and nonnegative integers representing the byte "
"values. Bytes with the values 0-127 usually represent the corresponding "
"ASCII values, but the interpretation of values is up to the program. The "
"string data type is also used to represent arrays of bytes, e.g., to hold "
"data read from a file."
msgstr ""
# 5a44d4413891453591c340e32847fd2d
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:316
msgid ""
"(On systems whose native character set is not ASCII, strings may use EBCDIC "
"in their internal representation, provided the functions :func:`chr` and :"
"func:`ord` implement a mapping between ASCII and EBCDIC, and string "
"comparison preserves the ASCII order. Or perhaps someone can propose a "
"better rule?)"
msgstr ""
# cbe04095f79048da9273d47cfe3e7888
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:331
msgid ""
"The items of a Unicode object are Unicode code units. A Unicode code unit "
"is represented by a Unicode object of one item and can hold either a 16-bit "
"or 32-bit value representing a Unicode ordinal (the maximum value for the "
"ordinal is given in ``sys.maxunicode``, and depends on how Python is "
"configured at compile time). Surrogate pairs may be present in the Unicode "
"object, and will be reported as two separate items. The built-in functions :"
"func:`unichr` and :func:`ord` convert between code units and nonnegative "
"integers representing the Unicode ordinals as defined in the Unicode "
"Standard 3.0. Conversion from and to other encodings are possible through "
"the Unicode method :meth:`encode` and the built-in function :func:`unicode`."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:348
msgid ""
"The items of a tuple are arbitrary Python objects. Tuples of two or more "
"items are formed by comma-separated lists of expressions. A tuple of one "
"item (a 'singleton') can be formed by affixing a comma to an expression (an "
"expression by itself does not create a tuple, since parentheses must be "
"usable for grouping of expressions). An empty tuple can be formed by an "
"empty pair of parentheses."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:364
msgid ""
"Mutable sequences can be changed after they are created. The subscription "
"and slicing notations can be used as the target of assignment and :keyword:"
"`del` (delete) statements."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:368
msgid "There are currently two intrinsic mutable sequence types:"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:373
msgid ""
"The items of a list are arbitrary Python objects. Lists are formed by "
"placing a comma-separated list of expressions in square brackets. (Note that "
"there are no special cases needed to form lists of length 0 or 1.)"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:380
msgid ""
"A bytearray object is a mutable array. They are created by the built-in :"
"func:`bytearray` constructor. Aside from being mutable (and hence "
"unhashable), byte arrays otherwise provide the same interface and "
"functionality as immutable bytes objects."
msgstr ""
# 8b4a55cde12d446db9ca143812cd1b55
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:387
msgid ""
"The extension module :mod:`array` provides an additional example of a "
"mutable sequence type."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:395
msgid ""
"These represent unordered, finite sets of unique, immutable objects. As "
"such, they cannot be indexed by any subscript. However, they can be iterated "
"over, and the built-in function :func:`len` returns the number of items in a "
"set. Common uses for sets are fast membership testing, removing duplicates "
"from a sequence, and computing mathematical operations such as intersection, "
"union, difference, and symmetric difference."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:402
msgid ""
"For set elements, the same immutability rules apply as for dictionary keys. "
"Note that numeric types obey the normal rules for numeric comparison: if two "
"numbers compare equal (e.g., ``1`` and ``1.0``), only one of them can be "
"contained in a set."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:407
msgid "There are currently two intrinsic set types:"
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:412
msgid ""
"These represent a mutable set. They are created by the built-in :func:`set` "
"constructor and can be modified afterwards by several methods, such as :meth:"
"`add`."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:419
msgid ""
"These represent an immutable set. They are created by the built-in :func:"
"`frozenset` constructor. As a frozenset is immutable and :term:`hashable`, "
"it can be used again as an element of another set, or as a dictionary key."
msgstr ""
#: ../src/Doc/reference/datamodel.rst:430
msgid ""
"These represent finite sets of objects indexed by arbitrary index sets. The "
"subscript notation ``a[k]`` selects the item indexed by ``k`` from the "
"mapping ``a``; this can be used in expressions and as the target of "
"assignments or :keyword:`del` statements. The built-in function :func:`len` "
"returns the number of items in a mapping."
msgstr ""