diff --git a/backend/Pipfile b/backend/Pipfile
index 37d46dd3..870d0b46 100644
--- a/backend/Pipfile
+++ b/backend/Pipfile
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ url = "https://pypi.org/simple"
 verify_ssl = true
 
 [dev-packages]
-black = "==19.10b0"
+black = "==24.3.0"
 unittest-xml-reporting = "*"
 flake8 = "==6.1.0"
 flake8-isort = "==6.1.0"
diff --git a/backend/Pipfile.lock b/backend/Pipfile.lock
index 255d8290..bfa70905 100644
--- a/backend/Pipfile.lock
+++ b/backend/Pipfile.lock
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
     "_meta": {
         "hash": {
-            "sha256": "00fcc1f1633885e1bfb66d00ecfde1bcd4398813869828461c35ed3b4706487b"
+            "sha256": "f43cf5535834bfdb7af128485cba05172368a4e8ca51e711cba8a3d4f68fc013"
         },
         "pipfile-spec": 6,
         "requires": {
@@ -1035,19 +1035,38 @@
         },
         "black": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:1b30e59be925fafc1ee4565e5e08abef6b03fe455102883820fe5ee2e4734e0b",
-                "sha256:c2edb73a08e9e0e6f65a0e6af18b059b8b1cdd5bef997d7a0b181df93dc81539"
+                "sha256:2818cf72dfd5d289e48f37ccfa08b460bf469e67fb7c4abb07edc2e9f16fb63f",
+                "sha256:41622020d7120e01d377f74249e677039d20e6344ff5851de8a10f11f513bf93",
+                "sha256:4acf672def7eb1725f41f38bf6bf425c8237248bb0804faa3965c036f7672d11",
+                "sha256:4be5bb28e090456adfc1255e03967fb67ca846a03be7aadf6249096100ee32d0",
+                "sha256:4f1373a7808a8f135b774039f61d59e4be7eb56b2513d3d2f02a8b9365b8a8a9",
+                "sha256:56f52cfbd3dabe2798d76dbdd299faa046a901041faf2cf33288bc4e6dae57b5",
+                "sha256:65b76c275e4c1c5ce6e9870911384bff5ca31ab63d19c76811cb1fb162678213",
+                "sha256:65c02e4ea2ae09d16314d30912a58ada9a5c4fdfedf9512d23326128ac08ac3d",
+                "sha256:6905238a754ceb7788a73f02b45637d820b2f5478b20fec82ea865e4f5d4d9f7",
+                "sha256:79dcf34b33e38ed1b17434693763301d7ccbd1c5860674a8f871bd15139e7837",
+                "sha256:7bb041dca0d784697af4646d3b62ba4a6b028276ae878e53f6b4f74ddd6db99f",
+                "sha256:7d5e026f8da0322b5662fa7a8e752b3fa2dac1c1cbc213c3d7ff9bdd0ab12395",
+                "sha256:9f50ea1132e2189d8dff0115ab75b65590a3e97de1e143795adb4ce317934995",
+                "sha256:a0c9c4a0771afc6919578cec71ce82a3e31e054904e7197deacbc9382671c41f",
+                "sha256:aadf7a02d947936ee418777e0247ea114f78aff0d0959461057cae8a04f20597",
+                "sha256:b5991d523eee14756f3c8d5df5231550ae8993e2286b8014e2fdea7156ed0959",
+                "sha256:bf21b7b230718a5f08bd32d5e4f1db7fc8788345c8aea1d155fc17852b3410f5",
+                "sha256:c45f8dff244b3c431b36e3224b6be4a127c6aca780853574c00faf99258041eb",
+                "sha256:c7ed6668cbbfcd231fa0dc1b137d3e40c04c7f786e626b405c62bcd5db5857e4",
+                "sha256:d7de8d330763c66663661a1ffd432274a2f92f07feeddd89ffd085b5744f85e7",
+                "sha256:e19cb1c6365fd6dc38a6eae2dcb691d7d83935c10215aef8e6c38edee3f77abd",
+                "sha256:e2af80566f43c85f5797365077fb64a393861a3730bd110971ab7a0c94e873e7"
             ],
             "index": "pypi",
-            "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
-            "version": "==19.10b0"
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.8'",
+            "version": "==24.3.0"
         },
         "click": {
             "hashes": [
                 "sha256:6a7a62563bbfabfda3a38f3023a1db4a35978c0abd76f6c9605ecd6554d6d9b1",
                 "sha256:8458d7b1287c5fb128c90e23381cf99dcde74beaf6c7ff6384ce84d6fe090adb"
             ],
-            "index": "pypi",
             "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
             "version": "==8.0.4"
         },
@@ -1269,13 +1288,21 @@
             "markers": "python_version >= '3.6'",
             "version": "==0.7.0"
         },
+        "mypy-extensions": {
+            "hashes": [
+                "sha256:4392f6c0eb8a5668a69e23d168ffa70f0be9ccfd32b5cc2d26a34ae5b844552d",
+                "sha256:75dbf8955dc00442a438fc4d0666508a9a97b6bd41aa2f0ffe9d2f2725af0782"
+            ],
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.5'",
+            "version": "==1.0.0"
+        },
         "packaging": {
             "hashes": [
-                "sha256:048fb0e9405036518eaaf48a55953c750c11e1a1b68e0dd1a9d62ed0c092cfc5",
-                "sha256:8c491190033a9af7e1d931d0b5dacc2ef47509b34dd0de67ed209b5203fc88c7"
+                "sha256:2ddfb553fdf02fb784c234c7ba6ccc288296ceabec964ad2eae3777778130bc5",
+                "sha256:eb82c5e3e56209074766e6885bb04b8c38a0c015d0a30036ebe7ece34c9989e9"
             ],
             "markers": "python_version >= '3.7'",
-            "version": "==23.2"
+            "version": "==24.0"
         },
         "pathspec": {
             "hashes": [
@@ -1290,6 +1317,7 @@
                 "sha256:0614df2a2f37e1a662acbd8e2b25b92ccf8632929bc6d43467e17fe89c75e068",
                 "sha256:ef0cc731df711022c174543cb70a9b5bd22e5a9337c8624ef2c2ceb8ddad8768"
             ],
+            "markers": "python_version >= '3.8'",
             "version": "==4.2.0"
         },
         "pluggy": {