fix: catch jinja typeerrors during render phase

[devmessias]

resolves #206

Description

After this, a TypeError in render phase will show the node information

 $ dbt build 
12:26:47  Running with dbt=1.9.0-b2
12:26:47  Registered adapter: duckdb=1.9.0
12:26:47  Encountered an error:
Type Error in model ex2 (models/ex2.sql)
  bad operand type for unary -: 'str'

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guide and understand what's expected of me
• I have signed the CLA
• I have run this code in development and it appears to resolve the stated issue
• I have opened an issue to add/update docs, or docs changes are not required/relevant for this PR
• I have run changie new to create a changelog entry

[github-actions]

Thank you for your pull request! We could not find a changelog entry for this change. For details on how to document a change, see the contributing guide.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 50.00000% with 6 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 68.42%. Comparing base (1bad6b7) to head (74b437e).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
dbt_common/clients/jinja.py	28.57%	5 Missing ⚠️
dbt_common/exceptions/base.py	80.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #207      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   68.48%   68.42%   -0.07%     
==========================================
  Files          52       52              
  Lines        3389     3401      +12     
==========================================
+ Hits         2321     2327       +6     
- Misses       1068     1074       +6     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unit	68.42% <50.00%> (-0.07%)	⬇️

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[gshank]

Can you add a unit test? It's not always possible, but its preferable. Also you need to run pre-commit run --all-files to get the code checks to pass.

[devmessias]

Yes, I can! I was just waiting for approval before spending time coding without knowing if the dbt-core team wanted that.

[devmessias]

Done @gshank

But it seems there are other issues not related with this PR

hatch run lint:all                     (base) 
cmd [1] | - python -m black .
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
119 files left unchanged.
cmd [2] | - python -m flake8 .
cmd [3] | - python -m mypy .
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:11: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:12: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:24: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:25: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:30: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:35: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:36: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:41: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:66: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:83: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:84: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:98: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:99: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:157: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:173: error: Missing keys ("source", "description", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:179: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]
tests/unit/test_behavior_flags.py:180: error: Missing keys ("source", "docs_url") for TypedDict "BehaviorFlag"  [typeddict-item]